Lawrence welk biography discography singles

Lawrence Welk

American bandleader and TV stage manager (–)

This article is about honourableness person. For his TV communicate, see The Lawrence Welk Show.

Lawrence Welk (March 11, – May well 17, ) was an Land accordionist, bandleader, and television stage manager, who hosted The Lawrence Welk Show from to The document was known for its make progress and family-friendly style, and say publicly easy listening music featured became known as "champagne music" hold on to his radio, television, and live-performance audiences.[1]

Welk, a native of Polar Dakota who was born take German immigrants from Russia, began his career as a chairperson in the s in glory Great Plains. He gradually became more known throughout the sovereign state due to recordings and tranny performances, and he and climax orchestra were based in Metropolis in the s, where they had a standing residency recoil the Trianon Ballroom. By nobility start of the next period, Welk relocated to Los Angeles and began hosting his name television show, first on close by television, before going national as the show was picked get in the way by ABC in The show's popularity held through the pursuing years, and with its field of study on inoffensive entertainment, it was embraced by conservative audiences orangutan an antidote to the counterculture of the s. Welk like mad sought to uphold this "clean-cut" reputation, and was deeply byzantine in managing both the on- and off-camera reputations of sovereignty show's performers.

In , ABC cancelled The Lawrence Welk Show as part of a broader trend away from programs recognized at older or more bucolic audiences. Welk then continued fulfil program in broadcast syndication on hold retiring in In the spare decade of his life, smartness managed various business interests lecturer packaged reruns of his present for broadcast on PBS, swing it has continued to present into the 21st century.

Early life

Welk was born in righteousness German-speaking community of Strasburg, Northerly Dakota.[2] He was sixth oppress the eight children of Ludwig and Christiana (née Schwahn) Welk, Roman Catholic ethnic Germans who had emigrated in from Metropolis in the Russian Empire (now Ukraine).[3][4]

Welk was a first cousin-german, once removed, of former Montana governor Brian Schweitzer (Welk's native and Schweitzer's paternal grandmother were siblings).[5] Welk's paternal great-great-grandparents, Moritz and Magdalena Welk, emigrated encompass from Germanophone Alsace-Lorraine to Ukraine.[6]

The family lived on a domicile that is now a rubbernecker attraction. They spent the keen North Dakota winter of their first year inside an upside down wagon covered in sod. Welk left school during fourth rear to work full-time on loftiness family farm.[3][7]

Welk decided on simple career in music and confident his father to buy smart mail-order accordion for $ (equivalent to $6, in ).[8][9] Loosen up promised his father that subside would work on the uniformity until he was 21, creepycrawly repayment for the accordion. Crass money he made elsewhere nigh that time, doing farmwork ruthlessness performing, would go to tiara family.[10]

Welk became an iconic superstardom in the German-Russian community lay out the northern Great Plains—his benefit story personified the American dream.[11][clarification needed] Welk did not finish off to speak English until crystalclear was 21; he never mat comfortable speaking in public.[12] Go up against the day he died, jurisdiction English had a marked Germanic accent.

Early career

On his Twentyfirst birthday, having fulfilled his responsibility to his father, Welk left-wing the family farm to chase a career in music. Beside the s, he performed collide with various bands before forming stupendous orchestra. He led big bands in North Dakota and familiarize South Dakota, including the Hotsy Totsy Boys and the Port Fruit Gum Orchestra.[13] His guests was also the station tie for the popular radio brainwashing WNAX in Yankton, South Sioux. The Lawrence Welk Orchestra scored an immediate success and began a daily radio show, which lasted from to The wireless show led to many cost-effective engagements for the band roundabouts the midwestern states. In , he graduated from the MacPhail School of Music in Metropolis, Minnesota.[14]

Although many associate Welk's symphony with a style quite fan from jazz, he recorded a few jazzy sides; in November contemplate Gennett Records, based in Richmond, Indiana: "Spiked Beer" and "Doin' The New Low Down" see in in Grafton, Wisconsin on the side of Paramount Records "Smile Darn Ya, Smile".[15]

During the s, Welk unlock a traveling big band specializing in dance tunes and "sweet" music (during this period, bands performing light-melodic music were referred to as "sweet bands" view distinguish them from the much rhythmic and assertive "hot" bands of artists like Benny Clarinetist and Duke Ellington). Initially, integrity band traveled around the homeland by car. They were very poor to rent rooms, middling they usually slept and disparate clothes in their cars. Justness term champagne music was copied from an engagement at interpretation William Penn Hotel in City, after a dancer referred grasp his band's sound as "light and bubbly as champagne." Integrity hotel also lays claim combat the original "bubble machine," excellent prop left over from smart s movie premiere. Welk ostensible his band's sound, saying, "We still play music with excellence champagne style, which means traffic jam and rhythmic. We place depiction stress on melody; the chords are played pretty much blue blood the gentry way the composer wrote them. We play with a vulnerable beat so dancers can remnant it."[16]

Welk's big band performed peep the country, but particularly check the Chicago and Milwaukee areas. In the early s, representation band began a year allotment at the Trianon Ballroom guaranteed Chicago, regularly drawing crowds motionless several thousand. His orchestra likewise performed frequently at the President Hotel in New York Conurbation during the late s. Ideal and , Welk led authority orchestra in 10 "Soundies", three-minute movie musicals considered to hide the early pioneers of sonata videos.[17]

Welk collaborated with Western genius Red Foley to record well-organized version of Spade Cooley's "Shame on You" in The make a notation of (Decca ) was number 4 to Cooley's number 5 tie in with Billboard's September 15 "Most Afflicted Juke Box Folk Records" listing.[18] From through , the come together had radio programming on ABC, sponsored by Miller High Character, "The Champagne of Bottled Beer."

In addition to his activities as a performing artist, Welk edited a course of latest music for the piano folded which included arrangements by Closet Serry for the U. Harsh. School of Music in In mint condition York City in ,[19] Glory school was founded in post was described years later although the oldest home study concerto school chartered by the Scantling of Regents in New Royalty State with a total large-scale enrollment of over one heap students.[20]

Recordings

In addition to the preceding "Spiked Beer", Welk's territory buckle made occasional trips to Richmond, Indiana, and to Grafton, River, to record a handful be in command of sessions for the Gennett final Paramount companies. In November dirt recorded four sides for Gennett spread over two days (one side was rejected), and hem in he recorded eight sides give reasons for Paramount (in two sessions) divagate were issued on the Devise and Lyric labels. These archives are rare and highly dear.

From to , he transcribed frequently in New York lecture Chicago for Vocalion Records. Next to this period Welk recorded plentiful instrumentals especially for radio stations; these transcription records became keen broadcasting staple. Welk signed sustain Decca Records in , escalate recorded for Mercury Records most important Coral Records for short periods of time before moving concerning Dot Records in

In , Welk left Dot Records gleam joined its former executive Sensual Wood in creating Ranwood Registry. Welk bought back all monarch masters from Dot and Maroon, and Ranwood became the come out with for all of Welk's various artists. They started with put in order huge reissue of old Speck albums in to get them started on the right foot.[21][22] Wood's interest was sold sentinel Welk in In , Welk Music Group sold the View and Sugar Hill labels hold on to Concord Bicycle Music while hang on to ownership of the Ranwood classify. Welk's estate licensed the Ranwood catalogue to Concord Music Genre for 10 years.[23]

The Lawrence Welk Show

Main article: The Lawrence Welk Show

In , Welk settled slope Los Angeles. The same generation, he began producing The Actress Welk Show on KTLA essential Los Angeles, where it was broadcast from the Aragon Room in Venice Beach. The fкte became a local hit charge was picked up by ABC in June By , Welk also signed with Ben Selvin at RCA Thesaurus for broadcasts of his "New Lawrence Welk Show" on leading national beam networks.[24][25]

During its first year ideas the air, the Welk day instituted several regular features. Penny make Welk's "Champagne Music" tagline visual, the production crew rigged a "bubble machine" that spouted streams of large bubbles deliver the bandstand. While the suds machine was originally engineered adjacent to produce soap bubbles, complaints carry too far the band members about bubbly build-ups on their instruments put a damper on to the machine being stale to produce glycerine bubbles by way of alternative. During the show's first yr, the bubble machine operated unendingly, with the bubbles wafting pick up the musicians' faces and mechanism for the entire hour. In a year, the bubble pc was retired except for excellence opening and closing "Champagne Music" selections. Whenever the orchestra artificial a polka or waltz, Welk himself would dance with honourableness band's female vocalist, the "Champagne Lady". This was a enduring tradition in the Welk band; the first Champagne Lady was Lois Best ( to ), followed during the war length of existence by Jayne Walton.

Beginning attain the Welk show's freshman generation, Welk was careful to document current songs in addition command somebody to the traditional big-band standards. Distinction Boyd Bennett rock-and-roll hit "My Boy Flat Top" was featured on two different programs (November 26, , and December 10, , the latter featuring Cock Merrill on electric guitar). Rectitude policy was relaxed over class next year, with new songs still being included but convey being treated as novelty accommodations. In the December 8, , broadcast, "Nuttin' for Christmas" became a vehicle for Rocky Illustrator dressed in a child's clothes-press apparel, and Elvis Presley's "Don't Subsist Cruel" was sung by depiction violinist Bob Lido, wearing alter Presley-style sideburns.[citation needed] In selection episode, the Lennon Sisters last Norma Zimmer performed the Orlons' No. 2 pop hit "The Wah-Watusi" with the bass cantor Larry Hooper wearing a beat outfit.

These stood in weighing to the contemporary American Bandstand, which catered to a for children audience and featured the minute acts. In a episode, Welk infamously billed the Brewer & Shipley single "One Toke On the nail the Line" (performed as unadulterated duet by Gail Farrell spreadsheet Dick Dale), which referenced description use of marijuana, as undiluted "modern spiritual";[26] social conservatives accomplish the era saw the at a bargain price a fuss as subversive and it became the first casualty of potent attempt by the Federal Discipline Commission to get radio devotion to ban all pro-drug songs.[27] Later in the s, subdue, Welk's programs often included drift adult contemporary songs performed get ahead of his singers, including "Feelings" topmost "Love Will Keep Us Together" (made famous by Morris Albert and Captain & Tennille, respectively), and current songs were makebelieve up through , the rearmost year of production of high-mindedness show.

Whenever a Dixieland take care of was scheduled, Welk harked wager to his days with prestige Hotsy Totsy Boys and delightedly led the band. Befitting integrity target audience, the type break into music on The Lawrence Welk Show was conservative, concentrating value popular music standards, show tunes, polkas, and novelty songs, relieve in a smooth, calm, good-humoured easy-listening style and "family-oriented" controlling. Although described by one connoisseur, Canadian journalist and entertainment columnist Frank Rasky, as "the squarest music this side of Euclid",[28] this strategy proved commercially design, and the show remained determination the air for 31 period.

Welk's musicians included accordionist Myron Floren, the concert violinist Pecker Kesner, the guitarist Buddy Merrill, and the New OrleansDixieland player Pete Fountain. Though Welk was occasionally rumored to be secure with a dollar, he cashed his regular band members not get enough sleep scale. Long tenure was familiar among the regulars. For instance, Floren was the band's helper conductor throughout the show's go briskly. He was noted for spotlighting individual members of his come together.

Welk had a number carp instrumental hits, including a pull through of the song "Yellow Bird". His highest-charting record was "Calcutta", written by Heino Gaze, which achieved hit status in [29] Welk himself was indifferent analysis the tune, but his dulcet director, George Cates, said meander if Welk did not necessitate to record the song, crystalclear (Cates) would. Welk replied, "Well, if it's good enough footing you, George, I guess it's good enough for me."[This recite needs a citation] Although dignity rock-and-roll explosion in the mids had driven most older artists off the charts, "Calcutta" reached number 1 on the U.S. pop charts between February 13 and 26, ; it was recorded in only one take.[30] The tune knocked The Shirelles' "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" out of the number 1 position, and it kept goodness Miracles' "Shop Around" from sycophantic the group's first number-1 prosperity, holding their recording at hand out 2. It sold more elude one million copies and was awarded a gold disc.[31]

The single Calcutta! also achieved number-one rank. The albums Last Date, Yellow Bird, Moon River, Young World and Baby Elephant Walk predominant Theme from the Brothers Grimm, produced in the early 60s, were in Billboard's top ten; nine more albums produced halfway and were in the refrain from twenty. His albums continued agree to chart through [29]

Welk was not take no for an answer on providing wholesome entertainment. Commissioner example, he fired Alice Concentration, at the time the show's "Champagne Lady," because he estimated she was showing too all the more leg.[32] Welk told the interview that he would not bear such "cheesecake" performances on dominion show. A torrent of separate mail indicated that viewers grudging Lon's firing. Welk relented spreadsheet offered Lon her job eventuality, but Lon refused. He thence had a series of transitory "Champagne Ladies" before Norma Framing became Lon's permanent replacement. Explicit was highly involved with culminate stars' personal lives, often hard by the point of arbitrating their marital disputes.[33] His musical thriftiness caused occasional controversies as toss. Despite the authentic New Beleaguering Dixieland clarinet that made him a popular cast member, Pete Fountain left the orchestra dupe a dispute with Welk go around adding a jazz solo like a Christmas song.

Reflecting significance controversies about the quality appreciated Welk's music among the authority, in , musical satirist Stan Freberg, known for his tenderness of jazz, wrote and documented a biting Welk satire, "Wunnerful! Wunnerful!" Freberg impersonated Welk. Record with some of Hollywood's outstrip jazz musicians, arranged by Cooperate May to sound like positive Welk, the single mocked Welk's accordion work, his sometimes-stumbling chatter between songs and the penalisation of such Welk favorites Stony Rockwell ("Stony Stonedwell"), Champagne Gal Alice Lon ("Alice Lean") most important Larry Hooper ("Larry Looper"). Welk was not amused, and considering that he met Freberg years ulterior, claimed he never used rectitude "Wunnerful! Wunnerful!" term. Ironically, be a smash hit became the title of Welk's autobiography.

Despite its staid status be known, The Lawrence Welk Show notwithstanding kept up with the times of yore and never limited itself sternly to music of the big-band era. During the s add-on s, for instance, the exhibit incorporated material by such virgin sources as the Beatles, Psychologist Bacharach and Hal David, Neil Sedaka, the Everly Brothers spell Paul Williams (as well pass for, in the most notorious case, Brewer & Shipley), all set in a format that was easily digestible to older listeners. Originally produced in black stomach white, in the show began being recorded on videotape, have a word with it switched to color reserve the fall season.[citation needed]

During neat network run, The Lawrence Welk Show aired on ABC backdrop Saturday nights at 9 p.m. (Eastern Time), moving up on the rocks half-hour to &#;p.m. in high-mindedness fall of In fact, Welk headlined two weekly prime-time shows on ABC for three length of existence. From to , he hosted Top Tunes and New Talent, which aired on Monday nightly. The series moved to Wednesdays in the fall of plus was renamed The Plymouth Show, which ended in May Nigh that time, the Saturday front part was also known as The Dodge Dancing Party. During that period, the networks were prank the process of eliminating training that was seen as getting either too old an chance, did not appeal to urbanised residents, or both (the soi-disant Rural Purge). As The Soldier Welk Show fit into that category, ABC ended its aboriginal in Welk thanked ABC take precedence the sponsors at the define of the last network agricultural show. The Lawrence Welk Show drawn-out on as a first-run syndicated program shown on stations hit the country until the rearmost original show was produced grip , when Welk decided nip in the bud retire. While many longtime Goggle-box shows suffered a serious ratings drop during the counterculture look of the late s, The Lawrence Welk Show survived large intact and even had further viewership during this time, still consisting of mostly older viewers.[34]

For the entire run, musical statistics were divided fairly evenly 'tween prerecorded lip- and finger-sync deed and those recorded live defect film or tape. Generally, picture big production numbers featuring sparkle and singing performances were transcribed earlier in the day up in the air the day before, often resort to famous recording studios in nearby around nearby Hollywood, while probity more intimate numbers were taped live on tape or skin.

After retiring from his make known and the road in , Welk continued to air reruns of his shows, which were repackaged first for syndication near, starting in , for be revealed television. He also starred false and produced a pair representative Christmas specials in and

Business ventures

Welk was a businessman become peaceful subsequent to his marriage have as a feature , he was the boss of a hotel, restaurant, current music store.[35]

In the late unrelenting, he founded Teleklew Inc., which had investments in music heralding, recordings, and real estate.[36]

In grandeur s, he developed the "Lawrence Welk Plaza", now known chimp the Wilshire Blvd Building, distort Santa Monica, California, the maverick high rise which was representation former GTE building. Next on every side that building is the "Lawrence Welk Champagne Towers" the version luxury Apartment Complex, along occur to the story Wilshire Palisades period of influence building.[37]

In the s, the companionship became The Welk Group gift subsequently split into Welk Strain Group and Welk Resort Parcel.

Welk was awarded four U.S. design patents for a musically themed restaurant menu,[38] an accordion-themed tray for serving food dig a restaurant,[39] and an accordion-themed ashtray.[40]

Personal life and death

Welk was married for 61 years, awaiting his death in , harmonious Fern Renner (August 26, – February 13, ), with whom he had two daughters at an earlier time a son. His son, Laurentius Welk Jr., married and divorced fellow Lawrence Welk Show artiste Tanya Falan. Welk was survived by 10 grandchildren and a-okay great-grandchild.[36] His grandson Lawrence Welk III is a helicopter captain who worked with Zoey Tur.[41]

A devout Roman Catholic, Welk was a daily communicant.[42] He was a noted member of Blue blood the gentry Benevolent and Protective Order get into Elks.[43]

He died of pneumonia energy May 17, , at wild 89, at his Santa Monica home, surrounded by his family.[36][35] He was buried in Ethereal Cross Cemetery in Culver Power, California.

Honors

In , Welk was inducted as a charter 1 of the Rough Rider Purse from his native North Dakota.[44] In , he received probity Horatio Alger Award from honesty Horatio Alger Association of Renowned Americans.[45] He later served bit the Grand Marshal for nobleness Rose Bowl's Tournament of Roses parade in Welk received rank Golden Plate Award of say publicly American Academy of Achievement sufficient [46]

In , Welk was inducted into the International Polka Medicine Hall of Fame.[47]

Welk has orderly star for recording on illustriousness Hollywood Walk of Fame, placed at ½ Hollywood Boulevard. Subside has a second star pleasing Vine Street for television.

In , Welk became a hire member of the Gennett Documents Walk of Fame in Richmond, Indiana.

Legacy

Welk's band continues prevent appear in a dedicated region in Branson, Missouri. In desirable, the television show has anachronistic repackaged for broadcast on PBS stations, with updates from demonstrate performers appearing as wraparounds locale the original shows had lucrative breaks. The repackaged shows castoffs broadcast at roughly the selfsame Saturday night time slot style the original ABC shows, promote special longer rebroadcasts are ofttimes shown during individual stations' fund-raising periods. These repackaged shows falsified produced by the Oklahoma Ormative Television Authority.[48]

The "Live Lawrence Welk Show" makes annual concert junket across the United States allow Canada, featuring stars from rank television series, including Ralna Decently, Mary Lou Metzger, Gail Soprano, and Anacani.

Books by Welk

All of Welk's books are coauthored by, or written in blend with, Bernice McGeehan and obtainable by Prentice Hall, except indicated:

  • Wunnerful, Wunnerful: The Memories of Lawrence Welk, , ISBN&#;
  • Ah-One, Ah-Two! Life with My Harmonious Family, , ISBN&#;
  • My America, Your America, , ISBN&#;
  • Lawrence Welk's Melodic Family Album, , ISBN&#;
  • Lawrence Welk's Bunny Rabbit Concert, illustrated impervious to Carol Bryan, Indianapolis: Youth Publications/Saturday Evening Post Co., , ISBN&#; (children's book)
  • You're Never Too Young, , ISBN&#;

Singles

* "Shame On You" also made the US Kingdom charts (No. 1) as toss as its flip side, "At Mail Call Today" (No. 3)
** "Calcutta" also made the Prudent R&B chart, reaching No. 10

See also

References

  1. ^"Lawrence Welk is hereditary - Mar 11, ". Retrieved July 11,
  2. ^"Lawrence Welk". . Archived from the original wear and tear March 22, Retrieved July 11,
  3. ^ abShearer, Lloyd (November 15, ). "Lawrence Welk: The Deportment of Musical Corn". Parade. pp.&#;10–
  4. ^Condon, Maurice (April 29, ). "In Strasburg, N.D., They Remember Actress Welk, When He Was Crowned head of the Hotsy Totsy Boys". TV Guide. Archived from loftiness original on June 15, Retrieved February 23,
  5. ^"Germans from State Heritage Collection". Archived from glory original on January 7, Retrieved August 18,
  6. ^"Wunnerful, Wunnerful! Excellence Autobiography of Lawrence Welk". Ad northerly Dakota State University. Archived punishment the original on February 24, Retrieved February 23,
  7. ^Weil, Actress (May 19, ). "Bandleader Martyr Welk Dies; TV's 'Champagne Music' Conductor". Washington Post. Archived spread the original on August 4, Retrieved February 23,
  8. ^– McCusker, J. J. (). How Undue Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index on the side of Use as a Deflator persuade somebody to buy Money Values in the Cutback of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda(PDF). American Antiquarian Society. – McCusker, J. J. (). How Much Is That comport yourself Real Money? A Historical Be miles away Index for Use as systematic Deflator of Money Values overlook the Economy of the Mutual States(PDF). American Antiquarian Society. –present: Federal Reserve Bank of Metropolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) –". Retrieved February 29,
  9. ^"It was a 'Wunnerful' Life". Grand Forks Herald. May 19, Archived cause the collapse of the original on March 31, Retrieved February 17,
  10. ^Huey, Steve. "Lawrence Welk biography". All Symphony Guide. Retrieved February 23,
  11. ^Timothy J. Kloberdanz, "Symbols of German-Russian Ethnic Identity on the Ad northerly Plains." Great Plains Quarterly 8#1 (): 3–15 online.
  12. ^Melissa Vickery-Bareford, "Welk, Lawrence" American National Biography ()
  13. ^"Lawrence Welk's Novelty Orchestra". . Archived from the original on Dec 26, Retrieved April 6,
  14. ^"MacPhail History". . Archived from decency original on April 20, Retrieved April 6,
  15. ^Rust, Brian (). Jazz and Ragtime Records (–): L–Z, index. Mainspring Press. proprietress. Accessed July 30,
  16. ^Thomas, Float (June 6, ). "Champagne Greet Music Making of Lawrence Welk". Ellensburg Daily Record.
  17. ^Scott MacGillivray become more intense Ted Okuda, The Soundies Book, iUniverse, , p.
  18. ^Billboard, Sept p.
  19. ^"Library of Congress- Refrain and Phonorecords Catalog ", proprietor. - "U. S. School unmoving Music" - John Serry transcriber, Lawrence Welk editor on
  20. ^"Statement of George R. Kemp, Chief honcho U.S. School of Music" -The United States Congress Senate Cabinet on Post Office and Laic Service - p. on Dmoz Books
  21. ^"Dot Records Story, Part 3". November 10, Retrieved June 29,
  22. ^Billboard. April 20, Retrieved June 29,
  23. ^"Concord and Bicycle Hangout to Form Concord Bicycle Concerto, Acquires Vanguard and Sugar Elevation Records". Billboard. Retrieved October 27,
  24. ^The Billboard - "Speed elitist Quality on RCA Thesaurus"Ben Selvin October 6, , p. 26 & p. 32 RCA Cache Lawrence Welk on Google Books
  25. ^The Billboard - "The Lawrence Welk Story - Welk to Put on the air via Thesaurus" 6 October possessor. 19 RCA Thesaurus Lawrence Welk on Google Books
  26. ^""Toking" with Saint Welk". YouTube. August 21, Archived from the original on Nov 17, Retrieved December 9,
  27. ^Fong-Torres, Ben (April 15, ). "Radio: One Toke Behind the Line". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 25, &#; via
  28. ^Minahan, John (). The Torment of Buddy Rich: A Biography. iUniverse. p.&#;
  29. ^ ab"Lawrence Welk Biography & Awards". Billboard. Retrieved December 12,
  30. ^Fred Bronson (). "Billboard Book of Negation. 1 Hits". Billboard. Retrieved Apr 20,
  31. ^Murrells, Joseph (). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd&#;ed.). London, UK: Barrie and Jenkins. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  32. ^"Maestro of Bubbly Commission Gone: Lawrence Welk Dies miniature Age 89". Seattle Post-Intelligencer, The fifth month or expressing possibility 19, p. A1.
  33. ^Obituary, Post-Intelligencer.
  34. ^"Lawrence Welk – Biography". Billboard. Retrieved July 11,
  35. ^ abWeil, Martin (May 19, ). "Bandleader Lawrence Welk Dies". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 25,
  36. ^ abcGorman, Lie (May 19, ). "From authority Archives: Lawrence Welk, Popular Television Bandleader, Dies at 89". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 25,
  37. ^" Wilshire &#; Los Angeles Conservancy".
  38. ^US patent D, Lawrence Welk, "Design for efficient menu card", issued &#;
  39. ^US patent D, Lawrence Welk, "Lunch Box", issued &#;
  40. ^US patent D, Lawrence Welk, "Ash Tray", issued &#;
  41. ^Goldstein, Gary (August 6, ). "Review: Documentary reveals Zoey Tur as a news pioneer — and toxic male — beforehand her transition". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 1,
  42. ^Welk, Saint (). Wunnerful, Wunnerful!: The Memoirs of Lawrence Welk. Bantam Books. ISBN&#;.
  43. ^Congressional Record. U.S. Government Impression Office. p.&#; Retrieved August 30,
  44. ^"Theodore Roosevelt Rough Rider Award". North Dakota Office of high-mindedness Governor.
  45. ^"Member Profile – Horatio Writer Association". . Retrieved October 27,
  46. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of interpretation American Academy of Achievement". . American Academy of Achievement.
  47. ^"Lawrence Welk". International Polka Association. Archived free yourself of the original on October 24, Retrieved December 6,
  48. ^Leland, Privy (September 11, ). "Old Fans Still Bubble Along to Writer Welk". The New York Times. Retrieved December 12,

Further reading

  • Coakley, Mary Lewis. Mister Music Rebel, Lawrence Welk ().
  • Govoni, Albert. The Lawrence Welk Story ()
  • Kloberdanz, Grass J. "Symbols of German-Russian Traditional Identity on the Northern Plains." Great Plains Quarterly 8#1 (): 3–15 online.
  • Miller, John. "From representation Great Plains to LA: Primacy Intersecting Paths of Lawrence Welk and Johnny Carson." Virginia Four times a year Review ():
  • Miller, John Dynasty. "Lawrence Welk and John Wooden: Midwestern small-town boys who not under any condition left home." Journal of Inhabitant Studies (): –
  • Schweinher, William Teenaged. Lawrence Welk: An American Institution ().
  • Vickery-Bareford, Melissa. "Welk, Lawrence" American National Biography () online
  • Zehnpfennig, Gladys. Lawrence Welk: Champagne Music Man ()

External links