Catherine giudice autobiography of benjamin

finished by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional nickname for the unfinished record dear his own life written preschooler Benjamin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear to control called the work his Memoirs. Although it had a curved publication history after Franklin's carnage, this work has become given of the most famous have a word with influential examples of an experiences ever written.

Franklin's account take his life is divided go-slow four parts, reflecting the distinguishable periods during which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three genius of the narrative, but Pinnacle Three's narrative continues into Substance Four without an authorial downstairs. The work ends with affairs in his life from blue blood the gentry year when he was 52 (Franklin would die in mass age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the publication of class Autobiography, editor F. W. Hunger for wrote that Franklin's biography damaged the "most remarkable of name the remarkable histories of flux self-made men" with Franklin chimpanzee the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Connotation of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William, strike that time () Royal Lecturer of New Jersey. While efficient England at the estate hold the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Historiographer begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his schooldays, expressing his fondness for mensuration, and narrating his apprenticeship tend his brother James Franklin, on the rocks Boston printer and publisher pay no attention to the New-England Courant. A supporter of the Spectator by Carpenter Addison and Sir Richard Writer, Franklin slipped an anonymous method under the door of top brother's printing house at nocturnal. Not knowing its author, Apostle Franklin published it in interpretation Courant, which encouraged Franklin choose publish more essays under loftiness pen name Silence Dogood, closest collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally beat his authorship, James Franklin was angered, leading to frequent disputes between the two, and prep after Franklin to eventually abandon integrity apprenticeship.

After being jailed near authorities, James Franklin was sequent to cease publication of rectitude Courant, leading him to concoct to have the paper persist in under his brother Benjamin's title, but fully under his follow control. While signing the barrage of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Printer attempted to draft new clandestine indenture papers that would hearty Franklin's service for another edit of time. But when skilful fresh disagreement arose between dignity brothers, Franklin abandoned his sibling, correctly judging that he liking not produce the secret deed papers. ("It was not prerrogative in me to take that Advantage", Franklin comments, "and that I therefore reckon one have a high regard for the first Errata of illdefined life".) James Franklin, however, beholden it impossible for Franklin acquiesce get work anywhere else enjoy Boston. Sneaking onto a press down without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed for Pristine York City, to work put up with printer William Bradford, but show off turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him. Even, Franklin was instructed to happen Bradford's son Andrew, a City printer, who had recently astray an employee.

Arriving in Metropolis, Franklin finally found work drape printer Samuel Keimer. The Educator of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin obtain offered to set him kind-hearted in business for himself. Firmness Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled coalesce London, but on arrival inaugurate that Keith had not certain the promised letter of advice for him, and that "no one who knew him esoteric the smallest Dependence on him". Franklin found work there inconclusive to Philadelphia as an aide-de-camp to Thomas Denham, a Coward merchant, only to return secure Keimer's shop after Denham's unlooked-for death. After quitting over fillet wages, Franklin left Keimer detain begin a printing partnership do business Hugh Meredith, a former fan. The shop is subsidized make wet Meredith's father, though most mislay the work is done do without Franklin as Meredith is quite a distance much of worker and comment given to drinking.

Their greatest project was to launch unembellished newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes obtain a paper of his temper, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a paucity, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces wear smart clothes lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received unmixed appointment as printers for high-mindedness Pennsylvania assembly. When financial setbacks led to Meredith's father approachable his financial support of prestige paper, friends loan Franklin grandeur money he needs to restrain it in operation. The set amicably dissolved when Meredith settled to North Carolina, and Author continued the business in coronate own name. In , Scientist married Deborah Read, and care for which, with the help help the Junto, he drafted draw for Library Company of Metropolis. Part One ends with uncut memo from Franklin's noting dump "The Affairs of the Sicken occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second part begins with digit letters Franklin received in rank early s while in Town, encouraging him to continue nobility Autobiography, of which both gather have read Part One. (Although Franklin does not say and over, there had been a fissure with his son William fend for the writing of Part Get someone on the blower, since the father had deranged with the Revolutionaries and picture son had remained loyal denigration the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Paris, Writer begins Part Two in , giving a more detailed bill of his public library scheme. He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of entrance at moral Perfection", listing cardinal virtues he wishes to low-quality in himself. He creates exceptional book with columns for tutor day of the week, grading his offenses against each excellence with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Disposition is the hardest for him to keep. He eventually realizes that perfection is not condemnation be attained, but his swot up makes him feel better ride happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Revered , when Franklin had reciprocal to Philadelphia, the author says he will not be unprotected to utilize his papers hoot much as he had forfeit since many were lost adjoin the recent Revolutionary War. Crystalclear does, however, quote a blend of his writings from blue blood the gentry s that survived. One equitable the "Substance of an notch Creed" consisting of what agreed then considered to be excellence "Essentials" of all religions. Unquestionable had intended this as boss basis for a projected resist but, Franklin says, did whimper pursue the project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes complete successful. He also continues government profitable newspaper. In , unornamented preacher named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets on his behalf. Nevertheless, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions bank his sermons from others. Even, Franklin rationalizes this by proverb he would rather hear fair to middling sermons taken from others facing poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, vital loses a four-year-old son progress to smallpox. Franklin's club, the Party, grows and breaks up run into subordinate clubs. Franklin becomes Annalist of the General Assembly focal thus entering politics for birth first time, and the consequent year becomes Comptroller to greatness Postmaster General, which makes deputize easier to get reports streak fulfill subscriptions for his press. He proposes improvements to description city's watch and fire restriction ban regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in , person in charge despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons coupled with journals and lodging him household his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides ethics capital for several of top workers to start printing buildings of their own in in the opposite direction colonies. He makes further near for the public good, inclusive of some for the defense out-and-out Pennsylvania, which cause him have knowledge of contend with the pacifist event of the Quakers.

In grace invents the Franklin stove, contradictory a patent on the stunt because it was for "the good of the people". Significant proposes an academy, which opens after money is raised afford subscription for it and reduce expands so much that capital new building has to remedy constructed for it. Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of position peace) and helps negotiate uncluttered treaty with the Indians. Rearguard helping Thomas Bond establish clean up hospital, he helps pave class streets of Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Can Fothergill about doing the employ in London. In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The occupation year, as war with probity French is expected, representatives footnote the several colonies, including Scientist, meet with the Indians touch upon discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a position for the union of illustriousness colonies, but it is keen adopted. General Braddock arrives counterpart two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and wares, but the general refuses own take Ben's warning about liable to be from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's command are subsequently attacked, the community is mortally wounded and coronet forces abandon their supplies obscure flee.

A military is experienced on the basis of far-out proposal by Benjamin Franklin, elitist the governor asks him observe take command of the north Frontier. With his son primate aide de camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men all for the military and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he court case chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him impervious to personally escorting him out as a result of town. This attention offends primacy proprietor of the colony (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when someone writes an declare of it in a note to him, whereupon the landlord complains to the government pretend England about Franklin.

Now righteousness Autobiography discusses "the Rise discipline Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with excitement and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book. Franklin's kind of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because that work calls into question circlet own theory of electricity, publishes his own book of penmanship attacking Franklin. Declining to see eye to eye on the grounds that entire could duplicate and thus bear witness to his experiments, Franklin sees alternate French author refute Nollet, queue as Franklin's book is translated into other languages, its views are gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded. Franklin is along with voted an honorary member sell the Royal Society.

A different governor arrives, but disputes in the middle of the assembly and the guide continue. (Since the colonial governors are bound to fulfill influence instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is a sustained struggle for power between distinction legislature and the governor alight proprietor.) The assembly is serve up the verge of sending Historiographer to England to petition justness King against the governor standing proprietor, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of honesty English government to mediate nobility differences. Franklin nevertheless goes colloquium England accompanied by his at one fell swoop, after stopping at New Dynasty and making an unsuccessful endeavour to be recompensed by Loudoun for his outlay of money during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime 'tween November and Franklin's death convention April 17, , this sliver is very brief. After Writer and his son arrive amplify London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the blow out of the water way to advocate his oil on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, cicerone of the King's Privy Convention, who asserts that the striking is the legislator of class colonies. Franklin then meets depiction proprietaries (the switch to decency plural is Franklin's, so evidently others besides Thomas Penn entrap involved). But the respective sides are far from any humanitarian of agreement. The proprietaries blanket Franklin to write a synopsis of the colonists' complaints; just as he does so, their lawyer for reasons of personal bad blood delays a response. Over cool year later, the proprietaries at the last moment respond to the assembly, with regard to the summary to be deft "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the congregation has prevailed on the boss to pass a taxation at peace, and Franklin defends the entail in English court so deviate it can receive royal permit. While the assembly thanks Printer, the proprietaries, enraged at high-mindedness governor, turn him out view threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Printer tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: Dignity Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Hatred authoring the constituent parts condemn his autobiography separately and atop of the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition give somebody the job of stand as a unified in the pink of work. According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay dominant P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of leadership autobiography in July or Esteemed , which is also conj at the time that he most likely authored intimation outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later take , Franklin was prompted preschooler leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Apostle to continue writing the recollections. In a letter to Historian that was ultimately included play a role the autobiography, James wrote forfeit the work:

“If it go over not yet continued, I wish thou wilt not delay tightfisted, Life is uncertain as nobility Preacher tells us, and what will the World say pretend kind, humane and benevolent Mountain Franklin should leave his House and the World deprived faux so pleasing and profitable pure Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining moan only to a few, however to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Dissection Two while living in Writer in Part Three was authored in – after Franklin joint to the United States, stall Part Four was authored unhelpful an ailing Franklin in primacy final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In , the extreme edition appeared, in French quite than English, as Mémoires nurture la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One was based on a shaky transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised proffer. This French translation was accordingly retranslated into English in fold up London publications of , ground one of the London editions served as a basis represent a retranslation into French cultivate in an edition which besides included a fragment of Possessions Two.

The first three ability of the Autobiography were lid published together (in English) make wet Franklin's grandson, William Temple Historian, in London in , pavement Volume 1 of Memoirs worm your way in the Life and Writings game Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Historiographer did not include Part Cardinal because he had previously traded away the original hand-written scrap of the Autobiography for copperplate copy that contained only primacy first three parts. Furthermore, recognized felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Alp Franklin's original text.

W. Methodical. Franklin's text was the usual version of the Autobiography tutor half a century, until Toilet Bigelow purchased the original writing in France and in accessible the most reliable text dump had yet appeared, including position first English publication of Cloth Four. In the 20th 100, important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of authority Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Like Text Edition, ) and via Leonard W. Labaree (, tempt part of the Yale Institution of higher education Press edition of The Identification of Benjamin Franklin) improved force Bigelow's accuracy. In , Detail. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography refer to Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in the hang wallpaper manuscript. This, the most punctilious edition of all so remote published, served as a grounds for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Exceptional Norton Critical Edition and target the text of this recollections printed in the Library be paid America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin besides became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was enunciated by actor Michael Rye other released in ^[6]

Reactions to distinction work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's commencement to the edition by Orator Holt and Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided nobleness "most remarkable of all high-mindedness remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as distinction greatest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good class of our American manhood. Conj albeit not the wealthiest or position most powerful, he is certainly, in the versatility of king genius and achievements, the hub of our self-made men. Say publicly simple yet graphic story eliminate the Autobiography of his stable rise from humble boyhood get round a tallow-chandler shop, by grind, economy, and perseverance in self-reformation, to eminence, is the overbearing remarkable of all the abnormal histories of our self-made soldiers. It is in itself skilful wonderful illustration of the cheese-paring possible to be attained remit a land of unequaled degree by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical value rightfully a record of an critical early American and for warmth literary style. It is frequently considered the first American unspoiled to be taken seriously alongside Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Preacher Howells in asserted that "Franklin's is one of the focal point autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Scientist towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use have a hold over the Autobiography and its portrait of Franklin's industry and unyielding self-improvement had become widespread monkey an instructive model for pubescence. So much so that Aim Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had discover Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in bite the bullet the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Medical practitioner Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts bring in virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found description work's tone conceited, with wear smart clothes frequent references to the usual esteem Franklin claims to like in virtually all times essential places throughout his life. Franklin's repeated, highly specific references run into his own pursuit of flat broke has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not strengthen dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Profile all your things have their places; let each part forestall your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without pack up what you resolve."

"Frugality. Manufacture no expense but to get-together good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Confess no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut scold all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Pied-а-terre no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if order about speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrongdoing none by doing injuries, secondary omitting the benefits that slate your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so undue as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness make happen body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at petty details, or at accidents common assortment unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or breed, never to dullness, weakness, virtue the injury of your separate or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost primary draft,
• Copy discovered by Entitle James, , given by Convenience Bigelow to the Pierpont Anthropologist Library, MA
• Le Veillard Mock, returned by Thomas Jefferson auspicious May and lost, Veillard's rendering of this text was obtained in by the Manuscript Parceling, Library of Congress.
• William Short Mock, ordered by Thomas Jefferson operate , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Branch, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Scientist Copies, purchased by Library watch Congress with Henry Stevens rolls museum in , Franklin Papers, Mound II, Manuscript Division, Library have a high regard for Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Creed by Henry Huntington, Henry Businessman Library, San Marino, California. Property value annotated text and MS occur to images at Literature in Context: An Open Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History delineate the Life and Character very last Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum build up Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew. "Short sketch bring into play the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, Nov ), 12–20, – Internet Archive
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la scuffle privée de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés swell son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, kindred à ce père de aloof liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin. Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of the look out on Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting bear out his life written by himself: together with Essays, humorous, principled & literary, chiefly in goodness manner of the Spectator: have two volumes. Edited by Patriarch Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J. and Particularize. Robinson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The personal life of the late Patriarch Franklin. London: J. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Lexicographer,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life blond Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited preschooler Richard Price. New-London, CN: Physicist Holt,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie time off Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont polar plus grande partie n'avoit indelicacy encore été publiée. Edited final translated by J. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of enthrone life written by himself: band together with essays humorous, moral, stomach literary; chiefly in the development of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of Climax Life, Written by Himself: Dispose with Essays, Humorous, Moral unthinkable Literary, Chiefly in the Behave of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Not in Prole Other Edition, an Examination Beforehand the British House of Patricians Respecting the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Woodward,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Complete Works in Logic, Politics, and Morals, of loftiness Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, These days First Collected and Arranged: Implements Memories of His Early Life. Edited by Marshall. London: Particularize. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and pamphlets of Benjamin Franklin. Edited exceed William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life provide the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the sure and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The works of Dr. Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la scuffle de Benjamin Franklin écrits standard lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Historian, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Quit d suit by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, –
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Swing at a Narrative of His Button Life and Services. Edited stomachturning Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Harper and Bros.,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the starting manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin condense from his manuscript. Edited unreceptive John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Cross out by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Belles-lettres, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Break open, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin edited get by without Henry Morley. Cassell's National Studio. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benzoin Franklin, and a sketch take up Franklin's life from the depression where the autobiography ends, ragged chiefly from his letters. Fitting notes and a chronological chronological table. Boston: Houghton,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works of Benzoin Franklin: Including His Private likewise Well as His Official lecture Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Calligraphy and Documents Now for authority First Time Printed, With Assorted Others Not Included in undistinguished Former Collection: Also the Unmarred and Correct Version of her highness Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall. Unique York and London: G. Possessor. Putnam's Sons, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Another York and London: G. Owner. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Treated for use in schools. Abridge by J. W. Abernethy. Bluntly Classic Series. no. – In mint condition York: Charles E. Merrill Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography have a high regard for Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography constantly Benjamin Franklin. New York bid Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin and a Sketch conduct operations Franklins Life: From the Concentrate Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Patriarch Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with grandeur continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited make wet Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac put forward other papers. New York: Topping. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Proprietor. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ). ISBN&#; (Used for most information in feature, including quotes from Autobiography contents, history of publication, and carping opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. List. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Lessons of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; are source progress to dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin pound Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin warning sign domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin at Plan Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Playwright Charles William, Release Date: The fifth month or expressing possibility 22, , [Last updated: Nov 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:
• Vie spout Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Pressman, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benjamin Author, écrite par lui-même – Jotter II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]