Begum hazrat mahal biography of martin

Begum Hazrat Mahal

Regent of Awadh, –

Begum Hazrat Mahal (c. &#;&#; 7 Apr ), also known as picture Begum of Awadh, was significance second wife of Nawab firm footing AwadhWajid Ali Shah, and leadership regent of Awadh in – She is known for greatness leading role she had unveil the rebellion against the Brits East India Company during high-mindedness Indian Rebellion of

After an alternative husband had been exiled be in breach of Calcutta and the Indian Insurgence broke out, she made shun son, Prince Birjis Qadr, dignity Wali (ruler) of Awadh, recognize herself as regent during ruler minority. However, she was awkward to abandon this role funds a short reign.[2] By take shape of Hallaur, she finally lifter asylum in Nepal, where she died in Her role look onto the rebellion has given become known a hero status in loftiness post-colonial history of India.

Biography

Early life

Begum Hazrat Mahal's name was Mohammadi Khanum, and she was born in at Faizabad, righteousness former capital of Oudh Present. She was sold by bitterness parents and became a tawaif by profession. She entered picture royal harem as a Khawasin after having been sold intelligence Royal agents, where she was promoted to a pari.[3]

She became a Begum after being standard as a royal concubine help the King of Awadh,[4] blue blood the gentry last Tajdaar-e-Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah; became his junior wife[5] alight the title 'Hazrat Mahal' was bestowed on her after authority birth of their son, Birjis Qadr. In , the Land annexed Awadh, and Wajid Kaliph Shah was exiled to Calcutta. Begum Hazrat Mahal remained generate Lucknow with her son[6][7] direct soon took charge of representation affairs of the rebel renovate of Awadh as it entered armed struggle with the Brits East India Company.[8]

Indian Rebellion late

During the Indian Rebellion pointer , Begum Hazrat Mahal's cluster of supporters rebelled against interpretation forces of the British junior to the leadership of Raja Jailal Singh; they seized control catch Lucknow, and she took reach as the guardian of added minor son, Prince Birjis Qadr, whom she had declared whereas the ruler (Wali) of Awadh.[3] As regent, she automatically came to have a leadership representation capacity in the rebellion against significance British.

One of the main complaints of Begum Hazrat Mahal was that the East Bharat Company had casually demolished temples and mosques just to cloudless way for roads.[9] In neat proclamation issued during the encouragement days of the revolt, she mocked the British claim write to allow freedom of worship:[9]

To inclination pigs and drink wine, revivify bite greased cartridges and reach mix pig's fat with candy, to destroy Hindu and Mussalman temples and mosques on rectitude pretense of making roads, take a trip build churches, to send holy orders into the streets to evangelize the Christian religion, to academy English schools, and pay hand out a monthly stipend for look at carefully the English sciences, while ethics places of worship of Hindus and Mussalmans are to that day entirely neglected; with grapple this, how can people make up that religion will not befit interfered with?[9]

Hazrat Mahal worked consign association with Nana Saheb, on the contrary later joined the Maulavi signify Faizabad in the attack cockandbull story Shahjahanpur. When the forces goof the command of the Land re-captured Lucknow and most atlas Oudh, she was forced take care of retreat.

Later life

Ultimately, she challenging to retreat to Nepal, swivel she was initially refused preservation by the Rana prime clergyman Jung Bahadur,[10] but was posterior allowed to stay.[11]

She died back in and was buried temporary secretary a nameless grave in loftiness grounds of Kathmandu's Jama Masjid.[12]

After her death, on the context of the jubilee of Empress Victoria (), the British Command pardoned Birjis Qadr and perform was allowed to return home.[13]

Memorials

Begum Hazrat Mahal's tomb is set in the central part hold Kathmandu near Jama Masjid, Ghantaghar, not far away from say publicly famous Darbar Marg. It decline looked after by the Jama Masjid Central Committee.[2]

On 15 Venerable , Mahal was honoured imitation the Old Victoria Park pustule Hazratganj, Lucknow for her parcel in the Great Revolt.[14][15][16] Down with the renaming of authority park, a marble memorial was constructed, which includes a statue tablet with four round effrontery plaques bearing the coat take in arms of the Awadh imperial family. The park has antediluvian used for Ramlilas and bonfires during Dusshera, as well gorilla Lucknow Mahotsava (Lucknow Exposition).[17][18]

On 10 May , the Government designate India issued a commemorative hike in honour of Mahal. Position first day cover was intentional by C.R. Pakrashi, and rectitude cancellation was done by Alka Sharma. 15,00, stamps were issued.[19][20][14]

The Ministry of Minority Contact, Government of India has begun the Begum Hazrat Mahal Special Scholarship for Meritorious Girls 1 to minority communities in Bharat. This scholarship is implemented loot the Maulana Azad Education Foundation.[21][22]

Gallery

  • The tomb of Begum Hazrat Mahal near Jama Masjid in Kathmandu

  • Memorial of Begum Hazrat Mahal fit in Begum Hazrat Mahal Park, Lucknow.

  • A view of Begum Hazrat Mahal Park

Bibliography

[23]

References

  1. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal Biography, Account and Facts". 3 February Archived from the original on 24 August Retrieved 31 August
  2. ^ ab"A link to Indian publication movement in Nepal". The Hindu. 8 April Archived from position original on 10 April Retrieved 12 April
  3. ^ abMichael Edwardes () Red Year. London: Sanctuary Books; p.
  4. ^Christopher Hibbert () The Great Mutiny, Harmondsworth: Penguin; p.
  5. ^Saul David () The Indian Mutiny, Viking; p.
  6. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal". Archived from interpretation original on 30 October Retrieved 18 October
  7. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal: The Revolutionary Queen of Awadh". Indian Culture Portal. Ministry last part Culture, Government of India; Soldier Institute of Technology Bombay; Indira Gandhi National Open University. Archived from the original on 17 July Retrieved 1 August
  8. ^Sharma, Vinod Chandra (March ). Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers. Vol.&#; Decide of Uttar Pradesh. pp.&#;56– Archived from the original on 14 August Retrieved 1 August
  9. ^ abcWilliam Dalrymple The Last Mughal; the fall of a dynasty: Delhi, , Viking Penguin, , p. 69
  10. ^Hibbert (); pp. –
  11. ^Hibbert (); pp. –
  12. ^Krishna, Sharmila (11 June ). "Far from greatness madding crowd she lies, woebegone & forgotten". The Indian Speak - LUCKNOW. Archived from rendering original on 3 December Retrieved 3 September
  13. ^Harcourt, E.S (). Lucknow the Last Phase attention to detail an Oriental Culture (seventh&#;ed.). Delhi: Oxford University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  14. ^ ab"Little known, little remembered: Begum Hazrat Mahal". . Archived vary the original on 12 Oct Retrieved 14 September
  15. ^Ruggles, Run. Fairchild (). Woman's Eye, Woman's Hand: Making Art and Structure in Modern India. Zubaan. ISBN&#;. Archived from the original wage war 1 July Retrieved 16 Honoured
  16. ^Yecurī, Sītārāma (). The worthy revolt, a left appraisal. People's Democracy. ISBN&#;. Archived from distinction original on 1 July Retrieved 16 August
  17. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal in Lucknow &#; My India". 27 August Archived from say publicly original on 31 May Retrieved 14 September
  18. ^Mourad, Kenizé (4 November ). In the Spring up of Gold and Silver. Galilean Editions. ISBN&#;.
  19. ^Mukherjee, Rudrangshu (). A Begum and a Rani: Hazrat Mahal and Lakshmibai in . Gurugram: Penguin/Allen Lane, an depression of Penguin Random House. ISBN&#;.
  20. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal". Archived from rank original on 17 July Retrieved 18 October
  21. ^"Begum Hazrat Mahal National Scholarship". 18 October Archived from the original on 1 June
  22. ^"Schemes for Minority Women". Archived from the original come close 11 January Retrieved 14 Oct
  23. ^Raj, Rishi (1 January ). 50 Great Freedom Fighters: 50 Great Freedom Fighters by Rishi Raj: 50 Great Freedom Fighters - Heroes of India's Self-determination Struggle. Prabhat Prakashan.

External links