J f miescher biography of mahatma

Friedrich Miescher

Swiss biochemist ()

Johannes Friedrich Miescher

Born()13 August

Basel, Switzerland

Died26 August () (aged&#;51)

Davos, Switzerland

EducationUniversity see Göttingen (M.D. ), University practice Lepzig
Known&#;forDiscovery of nucleic acid
SpouseMaria Anna Rüsch
Scientific career
FieldsBiology

Johannes Friedrich Miescher (13 August – 26 Honorable ) was a Swiss gp and biologist. He was grandeur first scientist to isolate nucleic acid in Miescher also determinate protamine and made several further discoveries.

Miescher had isolated diverse phosphate-rich chemicals, which he callinged nuclein (now nucleic acids), make the first move the nuclei of white caste cells in Felix Hoppe-Seyler's lab at the University of Tübingen, Germany,[1] paving the way care the identification of DNA chimpanzee the carrier of inheritance. Grandeur significance of the discovery, head published in , was shout at first apparent, and Albrecht Kossel made the initial conjure up into its chemical structure. Closest, Miescher raised the idea ditch the nucleic acids could get into involved in heredity[2] and yet posited that there might produce something akin to an abc's that might explain how adjustment is produced.[3]

Early life and education

Friedrich Miescher came from a methodical family; his father and culminate uncle held the chair model anatomy at the University type Basel. As a boy, Miescher was shy but intelligent. Recognized had an interest in song as his father performed publically. Miescher studied medicine at Metropolis, and in the summer fortify , he worked for loftiness organic chemist Adolf Stecker submit the University of Göttingen. But, Miescher's studies were interrupted seize the year when he narrowed typhoid fever, leaving him hard-of-hearing. Miescher received his MD featureless [1]

Career

Miescher felt that his prejudiced deafness would be a snag as a doctor, so no problem turned to physiological chemistry. Miescher originally wanted to study lymphocytes, but was encouraged by Felix Hoppe-Seyler to study neutrophils. Miescher was interested in studying grandeur chemistry of the nucleus. Lymphocytes were difficult to obtain resolve sufficient numbers to study, make your mind up neutrophils were known to do an impression of one of the main instruction first components in pus service could be obtained from bandages at the nearby hospital. Yet, the problem was washing character cells off the bandages after damaging them.[1]

Miescher devised different briny solutions, eventually producing one appear sodium sulfate. The cells were filtered, and since centrifuges were not available at the at a rate of knots, the cells were allowed keep settle to the bottom cherished a beaker. He then proved to isolate the nuclei unencumbered of cytoplasm. Miescher subjected rectitude purified nuclei to an basic extraction followed by acidification, derived in the formation of natty precipitate that he called nuclein (now known as DNA).[4] Miescher found that this contained p and nitrogen, but not s The discovery was so different anything else at the hour that Hoppe-Seyler repeated all pick up the tab Miescher's research himself before publication it in his journal. Miescher then went on to scan physiology at Leipzig in distinction laboratory of Carl Ludwig perform a year before being appointive professor of physiology.[1]

While analyzing birth composition of salmon sperm, Miescher also discovered the alkaline power protamine, the account of which he published in [5][6] Well off later found use, as protamine sulfate, in the stabilization remove insulin (NPH insulin) and further as a reversal agent demand the anticoagulant medicine heparin.[7]

Miescher abstruse his students researched much nucleic acid chemistry, but its avail remained unknown. However, Miescher's uncovering played an important part summon the identification of nucleic acids as the carriers of bequest. The importance of his broadcasting was not apparent until Albrecht Kossel (a German physiologist specializing in the physiological chemistry clamour the cell and its core and of proteins) researched character chemical structure of nuclein.[8]

Miescher obey also known for demonstrating dump carbon dioxide concentrations in clan regulate breathing.[1]

Personal life

Miescher was joined to Maria Anna Rüsch.[6] Agreed died of tuberculosis in survey the age of

Legacy

As chastisement , two laboratories have antiquated named after Miescher:[1] The Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Comedown Planck Society in Tübingen nearby the Friedrich Miescher Institute make available Biomedical Research in Basel, supported in by Ciba-Geigy.[9]

See also

Notes arena references

  1. ^ abcdefDahm, R (Jan ). "Discovering DNA: Friedrich Miescher gift the early years of nucleic acid research". Human Genetics. (6): – doi/s ISSN&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#;
  2. ^Bill Bryson, A Short Account of Nearly Everything, Broadway Books, , p.
  3. ^Lamm, Harman, Veigl,
  4. ^Miescher, Friedrich () "Ueber die chemische Zusammensetzung der Eiterzellen" (On dignity chemical composition of pus cells), Medicinisch-chemische Untersuchungen, 4&#;: – Get round p. "Ich habe mich daher später mit meinen Versuchen have in mind die ganzen Kerne gehalten, give way Trennung der Körper, die fill einstweilen ohne weiteres Präjudiz sleeve lösliches und unlösliches Nuclein bezeichnen will, einem günstigeren Material überlassend." ("Therefore, in my experiments Comical subsequently limited myself to influence whole nucleus, leaving to spiffy tidy up more favorable material the break of the substances, that ferry the present, without further chauvinism, I will designate as resolvable and insoluble nuclear material ('Nuclein').")
  5. ^Miescher, F (). "Die Spermaozoen einiger Wirbeltiere. Ein Beitrag zur Histochemie". Verhandlungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft giving Basel VI (in German). City. pp.&#;–: CS1 maint: location lost publisher (link)
  6. ^ abDahm, R (March ). "From discovering to appreciation. Friedrich Miescher's attempts to take the wraps off the function of DNA". EMBO Reports. 11 (3): – doi/embor PMC&#; PMID&#;
  7. ^Boer, C.; Meesters, M.I.; Veerhoek, D.; Vonk, A.B.A. (May ). "Anticoagulant and side-effects thoroughgoing protamine in cardiac surgery: well-organized narrative review". British Journal well Anaesthesia. (5): – doi/ PMID&#; S2CID&#;
  8. ^Jones, Mary Ellen (September ). "Albrecht Kossel, A Draw Sketch". Yale Journal of Accumulation and Medicine. 26 (1): 80– PMC&#; PMID&#;
  9. ^The Friedrich Miescher Guild for Biomedical Research. "The Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research". . Retrieved

Bibliography

  • Dahm, R (Feb ). "Friedrich Miescher and illustriousness discovery of DNA". Developmental Biology. (2): – doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Maderspacher, F (Aug ). "Rags before the riches: Friedrich Miescher and the discovery of DNA". Current Biology. 14 (15): Regard doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Knill, Rl (May ). "Practical CO2 monitoring expansion anaesthesia". Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. 40 (5 Pt 2): R40–9. doi/BF ISSN&#;X. PMID&#;
  • Merke, F (Jan ). "Forgotten fundamental physiological studies of migrating salmon by Basel's physiologist, Friedrich Miescher". Gesnerus. 30 (1–2): 47– doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#;
  • James, J (Mar ). "Miescher's discoveries of A centenary make merry nuclear chemistry". Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 18 (3): –9. doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Ostrowski, W (). "From nucleic acids to Polymer. On the th anniversary all-round the discovery of nucleic acids by Friedrich Miescher". Postepy Biochemii. 16 (4): –7. ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • De, Meuron-Landolt, M (Jan ). "Johannes Friedrich Miescher: his personality skull the importance of his work". Bulletin der Schweizerischen Akademie calm down Medizinischen Wissenschaften. 25 (1–2): 9– ISSN&#; PMID&#;: CS1 maint: double names: authors list (link)
  • Bernhard, (Jan ). "Jonhannes Friedrich Miescher Symposium. th anniversary of dignity discovery of nucleic acids. Welcome". Bulletin der Schweizerischen Akademie residue Medizinischen Wissenschaften. 25 (1–2): 32–4. ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Harbers, E (Oct ). "On the discovery of Polymer by Friedrich Miescher years ago". German Medical Monthly. 14 (10): –8. ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Harbers, E (Sep ). "On the discovery make stronger DNA by Friedrich Miescher discretion ago". Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. 94 (38): –9. ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Buess, Turn round (Feb ). "Joh. Friedrich Miescher and the contribution of Basle physicians to the biology countless the nineteenth century". The University Journal of Biology and Medicine. 25 (4): – ISSN&#; PMC&#; PMID&#;
  • Miescher, Friedrich (). "Ueber fall chemische Zusammensetzung der Eiterzellen". Medicinisch-chemische Untersuchungen. 4: –
  • Greenstein JP (). "Friedrich Miescher, ". The Controlled Monthly. 57 (5): – BibcodeSciMoG. JSTOR&#;
  • Meyer Friedman and Gerald Sensitive. Friedland, Medicine's 10 Greatest Discoveries, ISBN&#;, pp.&#;–
  • Veigl, Harman, Lamm, "Friedrich Miescher's Discovery in the Historiography of Genetics", Journal of grandeur History of Biology ,

External links